Basic concepts of drilling (water well drilling rigs, down-the-hole drills, etc.)

1. Drilling: Use a drilling rig to drill into the ground according to a certain design angle and direction, and by taking out the core and cuttings in the hole or inserting a test instrument in the hole, to find out the underground mineral reserves, understand the stratigraphic structure, rock properties and To meet other engineering construction requirements, this kind of engineering is called drilling.

2. Core drilling: when drilling, keep the core at the bottom of the hole, and mainly use the proposed core to study and understand the drilling method of underground geology and mineral conditions.

3. Drilling: Use the drill bit to work at the bottom of the hole, break the rock and continue to deepen the drilling operation. It includes two aspects of breaking the rock at the bottom of the hole and extending the hole as required.

4. Drilling method: the general term for the methods and technical measures for breaking the rock at the bottom of the hole when drilling into the ground.

5. Drilling process: how to use certain equipment and tools to break the rock (soil layer), create a smooth and regular hole with a certain diameter and depth in the formation, and take certain technical measures to ensure the smooth progress of the drilling work all work.

6. Drilling hole: a cylindrical hole drilled by drilling machinery or other methods to drive the drill bit for the purpose of ore deposit exploration or other engineering purposes. It has the characteristics of large depth, small diameter and arbitrary direction.

7. Three elements of drilling space ① Hole depth (L): the length of the drilling axis from the orifice to the measuring point; ② Vertex angle (θ): The clamping point between the drilling axis (or its tangent) and the plumb line at the measuring point ③Azimuth (α): the angle between the projection of the borehole axis at the measuring point on the horizontal plane and the direction of magnetic north.

8. Drilling structure: refers to the change in the diameter of the hole from the opening to the final hole. It includes the borehole diameter, the number of diameter changes, the number of casing layers, the pipe diameter, the length, the depth of the diameter change, and the water-stop sealing method at the bottom of the casing.

9. Circulation: The mud pump sends the flushing fluid to the bottom of the hole through the inner hole of the drill string (or the gap between the drill string and the hole wall). (or drill string bore) the process of returning to the surface and carrying rock dust out of the bore.

10. The purpose of geological core drilling is to take out the core from the ground. Through the analysis, research, observation, identification and testing of the rock core, one can intuitively understand the thickness, burial depth, occurrence, distribution, mineral composition, ore grade, chemical composition, physical and mechanical properties and structure of the ore and rock. The quantity and quality of rock cores directly affect the accuracy and reliability of judging geological structures, evaluating mineral resources, submitting mineral reserves and mining design. Geological core drilling is the most efficient method for obtaining subsurface physical samples. During the drilling process, not only high drilling efficiency is required, but also the cores taken are required to have sufficient volume in quantity, and to maintain the primary structure and ore-bearing grade as much as possible in terms of quality. These requirements are expressed in core drilling quality management by the core extraction rate.

The above is the relevant little knowledge about "Basic concepts of drilling (water well drilling rigs, down-the-hole drills, etc.)", if you have any questions, you can contact our customer service staff of Shandong Yikuang Drilling Technology Co.,Ltd., we will be happy to discuss with you.